Is There a Relationship between Vitamin D and Preeclampsia? A Descriptive Comparative Study

Introduction: Pregnancy poisoning or preeclampsia is a serious and specific disorder of pregnancy that affects 8% of the pregnant women. Similar studies conducted in this regard showed disagreements about the association between the vitamin D deficiency and preeclampsia. Hence, due to different results and limited sشtudies in this area, the present study was conducted to evaluate the serum levels of vitamin D in preeclampsia patients hospitalized in the maternity ward of the Imam Sajjad Hospital during 2017 to 2019. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 180 pregnant women with a severe preeclampsia below the gestational age of 33 weeks and 200 non-preeclampsia pregnant women. Blood samples were taken from all of the research subjects to measure the vitamin D levels. 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels were measured in the laboratory using ELISA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 20, software. Results: The results of the present study revealed that the serum levels of vitamin D had the same distribution between two preeclampsia and healthy groups (P =0.59). Preeclamptic women with normal level of vitamin D and vitamin D deficiency showed no significant differences in the mean of proteinuria, uric acid, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and the number of previous pregnancies (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In general, the results of this study showed no relationship between the serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and preeclampsia. Moreover, low levels of vitamin D3 were observed in both preeclampsia and control women.